Dokumen studi ini menganalisis aspek pendanaan dan ekonomi proyek Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) di Indonesia, mengeksplorasi berbagai opsi pembiayaan seperti dana publik (APBN/APBD), KPBU, dan PHLN, serta alternatif pinjaman daerah dan dukungan finansial lainnya, menekankan pentingnya penyesuaian skema dengan kondisi daerah dan keberlanjutan finansial melalui pendekatan top-down (dukungan pusat/donor) dan bottom-up (inisiatif lokal/swasta) dengan mekanisme institusional dan kriteria kelayakan yang berbeda; selanjutnya, studi ini mengevaluasi kelayakan finansial proyek RDF skala kecil (Banyumas), menengah (Cilacap), dan besar (Bantargebang) melalui Analisis Biaya-Manfaat (Cost Benefit Analysis/CBA), menunjukkan kelayakan finansial Banyumas dan Cilacap pada skenario aktual, namun sensitivitas Cilacap terhadap tingkat diskonto dan tantangan kelayakan Bantargebang yang memerlukan peningkatan pendapatan, serta menganalisis potensi penghematan biaya lahan TPST dan pengurangan jejak karbon dari proyek RDF.

On March 28, 2025, massive 7.7 and 6.4M earthquakes affected Myanmar’s 58 townships, resulting in more than 3,500 deaths, 5,233 buildings collapsed, and displaced 69,000 people. This commentary highlights Myanmar’s complex challenges by exploring the intersection of the cascading seismic-induced disasters with civil war, volatility in governance, international isolation and complex institutional arrangements. We offer some alternative views on what needs to be done in the first three months of Myanmar’s immediate response.

Recurring severe floods in Jabodetabek, Indonesia, and their significant economic and social impacts, highlighting the need for robust financing and insurance mechanisms. The financial losses from the recent flood emphasise the challenges in disaster risk financing and the low penetration of insurance. This policy brief aims to analyse the economic impact of the 2025 floods and advocate for robust DRFI strategies to enhance financial preparedness and recovery through strengthening disaster risk financing strategy implementation, expanding insurance coverage, enhancing public-private partnerships (PPPs), and leveraging innovative financing to build greater urban resilience.

RDI Newsletter Vol. 12-1 | January – March 2025

Widespread flooding across Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (Jabodetabek) area, Indonesia, with water depths of 15–300cm, remained as of March 5, 2025. It was triggered by extreme rainfall in Bogor on March 2, 2025, which led to river overflows in Ciliwung, Cikeas, and Pesanggrahan. Field observations by the Multi-hazard Preparedness (MHP) team of the Resilience Development Initiative (RDI) in Bekasi highlight that some areas, such as Pondok Gede Permai, experienced water levels reaching close to four metres, submerging homes despite prior flood mitigation efforts like house elevation. The failure of the 3-metre flood barrier in this area exemplifies the inadequacy of existing flood defences. The flood has affected more than 120,600 people in six cities/regencies. Annual economic losses from floods in the region are estimated to reach approximately IDR 5 Trillion or USD300 million. The 2025 flood also revealed critical deficiencies in governance and disaster preparedness. The emergence of the Jabodetabek Flood in 2025 is not merely caused by the intensity of the rainfall, but also due to inadequate flood management in the area. In line with the Build Back Better (BBB) approach, rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts during the post-disaster phase should prioritise long-term resilience. Therefore, the recommendations provided take a holistic approach, encompassing both structural and non-structural mitigation and adaptation improvements, including resilient infrastructure improvement, Nature-based Solutions (NbS) implementation, land use control and monitoring, adaptive social protection implementation, and data management improvement for better rapid assessment.

ndonesia’s coastal area is exposed to natural hazards while home to highly vulnerable communities. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) are needed to reduce the effects of climate change on coastal communities and enhance their resilience against future disasters. Combining CCA-DRR governance with community-led initiatives has been proven by many scholars to be effective in strengthening coastal communities’ resilience compared to top-down CCA-DRR programs. Community-led initiatives are also mentioned in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) 2015-2030 as vital in understanding and addressing risk. This policy brief elaborates a series of recommendations on implementing community-led CCA-DRR to improve resilience in Indonesia’s coastal communities.